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Blog criado por Bruno Coriolano de Almeida Costa, professor de Língua Inglesa desde 2002. Esse espaço surgiu em 2007 com o objetivo de unir alguns estudiosos e professores desse idioma. Abordamos, de forma rápida e simples, vários aspectos da Língua Inglesa e suas culturas. Agradeço a sua visita.

"Se tivesse perguntado ao cliente o que ele queria, ele teria dito: 'Um cavalo mais rápido!"

terça-feira, 13 de setembro de 2011

VEJA O QUE LULA FALOU DO BLOG - PORTAL DA LÍNGUA INGLESA.



Everybody knows that Brazilian ex-president Mr. da Silva (Lula) was one of the best South American president ever. Moreover, he was a working class hero that showed the world how to start making a country a better place to live in.

Now he is studying English just by reading PORTAL DA LÍNGUA INGLESA. Of course, I am just kidding. In fact, in this picture he is using a very difficult tense in English – the present perfect continuous tense. Do you know how to use it?

GRAMMAR:

Present Perfect Continuous Tense
have been singing
How do we make the Present Perfect Continuous Tense?
The structure of the present perfect continuous tense is:
subject
+
auxiliary verb
+
auxiliary verb
+
main verb


have
has

been

base + ing
Here are some examples of the present perfect continuous tense:


subject
auxiliary verb

auxiliary verb
main verb

+
I
have

been
waiting
for one hour.
+
You
have

been
talking
too much.
-
It
has
not
been
raining.

-
We
have
not
been
playing
football.
?
Have
you

been
seeing
her?
?
Have
they

been
doing
their homework?

Contractions
When we use the present perfect continuous tense in speaking, we often contract the subject and the first auxiliary. We also sometimes do this in informal writing.

I have been
I've been
You have been
You've been
He has been
She has been
It has been
John has been
The car has been
He's been
She's been
It's been
John's been
The car's been
We have been
We've been
They have been
They've been

Here are some examples:


  • I've been reading.
  • The car's been giving trouble.
  • We've been playing tennis for two hours.
How do we use the Present Perfect Continuous Tense?
This tense is called the present perfect continuous tense. There is usually a connection with the present or now. There are basically two uses for the present perfect continuous tense:
We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that started in the past and stopped recently. There is usually a result now.

I'm tired because I've been running.
past
present
future


!!!
Recent action.
Result now.

  • I'm tired [now] because I've been running.
  • Why is the grass wet [now]Has it been raining?
  • You don't understand [now] because you haven't been listening.
We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that started in the past and is continuing now. This is often used with for or since.

I have been reading for 2 hours.
past
present
future


Action started in past.
Action is continuing now.

  • have been reading for 2 hours. [I am still reading now.]
  • We've been studying since 9 o'clock. [We're still studying now.]
  • How long have you been learning English? [You are still learning now.]
  • We have not been smoking. [And we are not smoking now.]
For and Since with Present Perfect Continuous Tense
We often use for and since with the present perfect tense.
  • We use for to talk about a period of time - 5 minutes, 2 weeks, 6 years.
  • We use since to talk about a point in past time - 9 o'clock, 1st January, Monday.
for
since
a period of time
a point in past time


x


20 minutes
6.15pm
three days
Monday
6 months
January
4 years
1994
2 centuries
1800
a long time
I left school
ever
the beginning of time
etc
etc

Here are some examples:
  • I have been studying for 3 hours.
  • I have been watching TV since 7pm.
  • Tara hasn't been feeling well for 2 weeks.
  • Tara hasn't been visiting us since March.
  • He has been playing football for a long time.
  • He has been living in Bangkok since he left school.
Found at Englishclub.com



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