Quais palavras da língua portuguesa foram incorporadas pelo inglês?

Foto: Mario Rodrigues

Muitas palavras originais do inglês foram incorporadas à língua portuguesa, mas o caminho oposto também acontece. Algumas delas já foram definitivamente aceitas no dicionário. Um indicativo disso é a nova edição do Oxford English Dictionary, lançada este ano. É o caso do guarana, assim, sem acento; várzea, definida como a inundação quando o rio sobe; feijoada; feijão; umbanda; fetiche, de feitiço; e lambada. Esta última, com sentido de "agitação".

Outras estão em teste, o que o dicionário define como "draft entry" (algo como "entrada rascunho"), como farofa, telenovela, caipirinha, caipirosca, cachaça, açaí, churrasco e capoeira, entre outras.

Há uma característica interessante na migração de palavras de um idioma a outro. "As palavras brasileiras importadas pelo inglês são sempre relacionadas a traços da nossa culinária e cultura", explica Vívian Cristina Rio, linguista e consultora do Centro de Pesquisa, Desenvolvimento e Educação Continuada (CPDEC). Já muitos vocábulos de língua inglesa incorporadas no português têm, por outro lado, relação com negócios e tecnologia, os famosos jargões.

É interessante observar que todas as palavras "brasileiras" adotadas em inglês são velhas conhecidas nossas, não são invenções novas. A linguista explica que isso indica que o Brasil e sua cultura estão sendo mais difundidos lá fora. "Os dicionários pegam as palavras nos principais veículos de comunicação e outras referências escritas em inglês. Então, isso quer dizer que nos últimos anos tem crescido o número de reportagens e referências ao Brasil no exterior", explica a linguista.

Fonte: http://revistaescola.abril.com.br/lingua-estrangeira/fundamentos/quais-palavras-lingua-portuguesa-foram-incorporadas-pelo-ingles-504523.shtml

There is a super hero in all of us!

This summer we have got an invasion of films based on comic books. First was Thor and we didn’t have to wait long for the new X-Man. Next in line are Green Lantern and Captain America. Take some superpower back to class and get your students to transfer into super heroes and creative comic book writers.

Super Hero Squad is a website where you can find material for more that one lesson.

http://marvelkids.marvel.com/shows/122/the_super_hero_squad_show

In The Squad section you can find heroes and villains each with a short description. Students work in small groups and go through the characters, choose their favorite ones, then they try to convince the other groups that their pair of characters have the best powers, qualities and deserve a movie. You can also run a contest where students decide on the best hero and villain character. As homework students create their own heroes and villains and write a short description of them.

In Videos you can watch various episodes and clips of comic cartoons. It could be a great listening comprehension activity where you prepare questions for students and they watch a cartoon and answer them. You could also play part of the cartoon and ask them what happens next. Students watch and check their predictions. You play the video and stop it before it ends and ask students what happens.

In Comics you can find the comic of the day as well as browse the archive. It could be a fun reading activity. You can also do some vocabulary and grammar. I am sure that all of the students by now will have loads of ideas to create their own comic. They can do it in the same section at the bottom of the screen. There is an option of creating a comic strip or a comic book! You choose the style, characters, objects, dialogue and finish with sounds effects. Then, you can download it or print it.

I hope you and your students will have fun!

Source: http://www.blendedmec.com/top-tips/there-is-a-super-hero-in-all-of-us

Student who obtained 0% on an exam.

Student who obtained 0% on an exam (Part1)

Q1. In which battle did Napoleon die?

R1. His last battle.

Q2. Where was the Declaration of Independence signed?

R2. at the bottom of the page.

Q3. River Ravi flows in which state?

R3. liquid.

Q4. What is the main reason for divorce?

R4. Marriage.

Q5. What is the main reason for failure?

R5. Exams.

Q6. What can you never eat for breakfast?

R6. Lunch & dinner.

-----------------------

Vocabulary Help

battle - batalha

bottom - parte de baixo

breakfast - café da manhã

dinner - jantar

eat (eat, ate, eaten) - comer

failure - fracasso

flow - fluir

last - última

lunch - almoço

main reason - principal razão

marriage - casamento

never - nunca

sign - assinar

state - estado

Q7. What looks like half an apple?

R7. The other half.

Student who obtained 0% on an exam (Part2)

Q8. If you throw a red stone into the blue sea what it will become?

R8. Wet.

Q9. How can a man go eight days without sleeping ?

R9. No problem, he sleeps at night.

Q10. How can you lift an elephant with one hand?

R10. You will never find an elephant that has only one hand...

Q11. If you had three apples and four oranges in one hand and four apples and three oranges in the other hand, what would you have?

R11. Very large hands!

Q12. If it took eight men ten hours to build a wall, how long would it take four men to build it?

R12. No time at all, the wall is already built by eight guys.

Q13. How can you drop a raw egg onto a concrete floor without cracking it?

R13. Any way you want, concrete floors are very hard to crack.

--------------------------------

Vocabulary Help

already - já

any way you want - como você quiser, de qualquer jeito que você quiser

apple - maça

at night - de noite

become - tornar-se

blue - azul

build (build, built, built) - construir

crack - rachar

drop - deixar cair

floor - chão

half - metade

hand - mão

hard - difícil, duro

how long - quanto tempo

lift - levantar

looks like - parece-se com

never - nunca

no time at all - tempo nenhum

red - vermelho

sea - mar

sleep (sleep, slept, slept) - dormir

stone - pedra

take (take, took, taken) ten hours - levar dez horas, gastar dez horas

throw (thrown, threw, thrown) - jogar, arremessar

wall - parede

wet - molhado

without - sem

Inglês australiano: There are many Sheilas in the classroom.

Essa postagem será bem curta e foca no inglês australiano. Isso mesmo; hoje focaremos em uma gíria bem curiosa usada pelos australianos.

O leitor sabe quem é Sheila? Não. Sem problemas. Sheila, no inglês da Austrália, é usada para se referir a toda e qualquer mulher, garota.   

Leiam:

There are many Sheilas in the classroom.

Existem muitas garotas na sala de aula.

Queremos continuar ampliando nossas matérias. Ajudem-nos na divulgação do mesmo, mande suas sugestões, críticas e opiniões. Temos explicações sobre vocabulário, piadas, provérbios, gírias, entrevistas, tira-dúvidas e muito mais.

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Learning English from Cartoons: Come on England!

This cartoon by Andy Davey from The Sun relates to the Euro 2012 football tournament, which is being hosted by Poland and Ukraine and starts today.

Two men are removing a diamond jubilee sign from the front of a pub somewhere in the heart of England (note the thatched roof) and replacing it with a Euro 2012 sign in support of the England team. One man says to the other, "The Queen lasted four days—how long do you give this lot?" Another sign says "Watch it all here", referring to the fact that matches will be shown live in pubs all over Britain.

VOCABULARY

You can refer to a specific group of people as a lot, often with negative connotations.

• I've never taught such a useless lot of students. In this case, it's the England football team the man is talking about.

EXPLANATION

The joke is that no-one expects England to go very far in the tournament, and they will do well to progress beyond the group stages.

From: http://www.englishblog.com/

So What Book Are You Using? How to Select (or Not Select) a Great ESL Textbook.

Often when in the teacher’s room, another teacher will ask me, “So what book are you using?” I used to smile at this: “What book are you using?” not “Who are your students?” or “What level of class do you have this semester?” It seemed a pretty shallow question.

However, through experience, I no longer view it this way: what book a teacher uses—or doesn’t use—reveals a lot about her teaching style and curriculum.

For example, a teacher who uses Azar’s grammar series, with its clear charts and explanations of grammar points, probably takes a rather traditional, structured approach to grammar. The teacher’s colleague who uses Molinsky and Bliss’s “Side by Side” series probably takes an audiolingual approach to language instruction, with a focus on oral language and repetition of patterned drills. If I’m not familiar with the textbook the teacher names, I can find out about from him, perhaps look over a copy if he has one, and I might decide to try it next semester for my own class. Traditionally, in fact, before the electronic revolution, the textbook was considered the cornerstone of a class, much of the curriculum and instruction based on it.

So how do you go about choosing an excellent textbook for your class? There is a process that will ensure picking out a strong, if not ideal, textbook.

How to Select (or Not Select) a Great ESL Textbook

ü  Get to Know Your Students

ü  Get to Know Publishers and Their Websites and Representatives

ü  Select Options

WRITTEN BY Stacia Levy.

Dr. Stacia Levy teaches writing and reading skills at the University of the Pacific in Stockton, California to both native and nonnative speakers of English. 

She also has taught academic and creative writing at the University of California, Davis. However, she began her teaching career twenty years ago as an instructor ESL in adult education programs and still primarily defines herself as an ESL teacher. 

Publishing credits include two academic works based on her dissertation, several short stories, and a novel, California Gothic, a story of romantic suspense.

Read the full version by clicking here (LINK). 

Learning English from Cartoons: The Buck Stops Here.

BACKGROUND

David Cameron told MPs three months ago: "I'm responsible for the decisions I take, the people I employ, the government I run. The buck stops right here, and I take full responsibility for every single thing I do." (source: The Guardian)

THE CARTOON

This cartoon by Schrank from The Independent shows UK Prime Minister David Cameron cowering under his desk. On the desk we can see a selection of newspapers with headlines about people involved in scandals and affairs which have been embarassing the government in recent times (Rebekah Brooks, Andy Coulson, Jeremy Hunt), and a sign with the words "The Buck Stops Here".

EXPLANATION

If you pass the buck, you refuse to accept responsibility for something and say that someone else is responsible. 


• He's very good at passing the buck. The expression is said to have originated with the game of poker, in which a marker or counter (frequently in frontier days, a knife with a buckhorn handle), was used to indicate the person whose turn it was to deal. If the player did not wish to deal he could pass the responsibility by passing the "buck," as the counter came to be called, to the next player.

"The buck stops here" is a phrase that was popularized by U.S. President Harry S. Truman, who kept a sign with that phrase on his desk in the Oval Office. The phrase refers to the fact that the President has to make the decisions and accept the ultimate responsibility for those decisions. Truman received the sign as a gift from a prison warden, who was also an avid poker player. (source: Wikipedia)

COMMENTARY

By showing Cameron hiding under his desk, the cartoonist is suggesting that he is unwilling to face up to facts and accept responsibility for the various mistakes he and his government has made.  So the expression 'the buck stops here' is being used ironically in this case.

From: http://www.englishblog.com/